Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous membranes: towards green super-adsorbents for toxic gases

Sargazi, G. and Afzali, D. and Mostafavi, A. and Shadman, A. and Rezaee, B. and Zarrintaj, P. and Saeb, M.R. and Ramakrishna, S. and Mozafari, M. (2019) Chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous membranes: towards green super-adsorbents for toxic gases. Heliyon, 5 (4).

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Abstract

Removal of hazardous gases from the atmosphere has become a big challenge for scientists and engineers alike. Eco-friendly nature of biopolymers has given a new dimension to the debate within the environmental science area but attempts mainly failed to cleanse the air stream of toxic gases as a consequence of design imperfections. In this work, green electrospun nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (Cs)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite with a very high carbon monoxide adsorption capacity (much higher than the values one may expect from activated carbon and zeolite adsorbents, and also higher than that of the metal-organic framework) are developed. 2 k�1 factorial design, response surface and desirability function analyses are merged to optimize the electrospinning parameters for functional-based carbon monoxide elimination. The best Cs/PVA adsorbent obtained through multi-objective optimization has a very high desirability value level of 0.953. Optimized electrospinning parameters are: Voltage = 17 kV, spinning distance = 13 cm, flow rate = 0.2 mL/h, and PVA concentration = 6 wt.; and optimized properties are: maximum thermal stability = 329 °C, minimum fiber diameter = 9.8 nm, and maximum surface area = 2204 m 2 /g. This work opens a new era for taking the next steps towards the design and optimization of green super-adsorbents for gaseous contaminations. © 2019

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